Ajaran Tarekat Qadiriyyah Dan Naqsabandiyyah Dalam Naskah "Tarekat" Koleksi Museum Geusan Ulun Sumedang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31291/jlk.v18i1.612Keywords:
Ajaran Tarekat, Qadiriyyah, Naqsabandiyyah, Naskah Kuno, NusantaraAbstract
This aims to reveal the contents of the ancient manuscripts, namely the ancient manuscript entitled "Tarekat" which is a collection of the Geusan Ulun Sumedang Museum, West Java. Philological approach was used as the method. The results obtained from the results of the edition as many as 82 pages, there are 128 words can't be read due to physical damage to the text and reading difficulties. There are copy errors on the text in the form of mechanical errors of 3 in the form of 2 repetitions of words, and 1 omission in the form of missing words. The contents of the text of the manuscript contain the teachings of the Qadiriyyah and Naqsabandiyyah orders. The teachings of the orders in this manuscript begin through the introduction of la??if, namely the collection of lat?fah (subtle parts of humans), then the introduction of various kinds of mur?qabah (behavior to draw closer to Allah), and then the procedure for performing both orders follows the reading of prayer 'wirid and the prize. This research provides important information that can add to the knowledge of previous researches about the tariqa in the Nusantara that is unique with the practice of incorporating the teachings of the tariqa in the Nusantara community. The founder figure of the merger between Qadiriyyah and Naqsabandiyyah orders is Sheikh Ahmad Khatib Sambas (1803 AD).
Keywords: Teachings of the Qadiriyyah and Naqsabandiyyah Tariqa, Nusantara Ancient Manuscripts
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap isi naskah kuno berjudul “Tarekat”, yang merupakan koleksi Museum Geusan Ulun Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian filologi, yakni metode yang digunakan untuk mengedisi teks naskah kuno. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa naskah ini terdiri dari 82 halaman, dan terdapat 128 kata yang tidak dapat dibaca yang disebabkan oleh kerusakan fisik naskah dan menyebabkan kesulitan pembacaan. Terdapat tiga kesalahan penyalinan pada naskah berupa kesalahan mekanis mencakup dua ditografi, yakni kesalahan tulis berupa pengulangan kata, dan satu omisi yang berupa ketinggalan penulisan kata. Naskah ini berisi mengenai ajaran tarekat Qadiriyyah dan Naqsabandiyyah. Ajaran tarekat pada naskah ini dimulai dengan pengenalan la??if, yakni kumpulan lat?fah (bagian halus dari manusia), kemudian pengenalan mengenai macam-macam mur?qabah (perilaku untuk mendekatkan kepada Allah swt), dan setelah itu dijelaskan mengenai tatacara untuk melakoni kedua tarekat tersebut berikut bacaan do’a, wirid, dan hadiahnya. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi penting yang dapat menambahkan pengetahuan atas penelitian-penelitian terdahulu mengenai tarekat di Nusantara yang memiliki keunikan dengan adanya praktek penggabungan ajaran tarekat di masyarakat Nusantara. Pendiri penggabungan tarekat Qadiriyyah dan Naqsabandiyyah adalah Syeikh Ahmad Khatib Sambas (1803 M).
Kata kunci: Ajaran Tarekat Qadiriyyah dan Naqsabandiyyah, Naskah Kuno Nusantara.
Downloads
References
Baried, Baroroh. Pengantar Teori Filologi. Yogyakarta: BPFF, 1994.
Barnard, Rohayati Paseng. “Katalog Induk Naskah-Naskah Nu-san¬¬tara Jilid 5A. Jawa Barat: Koleksi Lima Lembaga (Union Catalog of Archipelagic Manuscripts, Volume 5A. West Java: The Collection of Five Institutions). Compiled by Edi S. Ekadjati and Undang A. Darsa. Edited by Oman Fathurahman. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, Ecole Francaise d’Extreme-Orient, 1999. Pp. 858. Indexes.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 2000. https://doi.org/ 10.1017/s0022463400017732.
Kosasih, Ade & Supriatna, Agus. Pengantar Penelitian Filologi. Edited by Rani Siti Fitriani. 1st ed. Bandung: Cv.Semiotika, 2014.
Munawwir, W.A. “Kamus Al-Munawwir.” In Kamus Al-Munaw-wir, 1123, 1984.
Sardjno, Partini. Pengantar Pengkajian Sastra. bandung: Pustaka Wina, 1992.
Tim Penulis. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, 2019, 2015–17.
Jurnal
Bruinessen, Martin Van. “The Origins and Development of Sûfî Orders (Tarekat) in Southeast Asia.” Studia Islamika, 1994. https://doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v1i1.864.
Bruinessen, Martin Van. “The Origins and Development of Sûfî Orders (Tarekat) in Southeast Asia.” Studia Islamika 1, no. 1 (1994): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v1i1.864.
Firdaus, Firdaus. “Tarekat Qadariyah Wa Naqsabandiyah: Impli-ka¬sinya Terhadap Kesalehan Sosial.” Al-Adyan: Jurnal Stu¬di Lintas Agama 12, no. 2 (2018): 55–72. https://doi.org/10. 24042/ajsla.v12i2.2109.
Hidayat, R Aris. “Makna Ritual Dalam Risalah Tarekat Qodiri-yah Naqysabandiyah.” Analisa 17, no. 1 (2010): 105. https: //doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v17i1.117.
Karnedi, Rozian. “Tarikat Dalam Lintasan Sejarah.” Tsaqafah & Tarikh 2, no. 1 (2017).
Tarrant, R. J., L. D. Reynolds, and N. G. Wilson. “Scribes and Scholars. A Guide to the Transmission of Greek and Latin Literature.” Phoenix 29, no. 3 (1975): 309. https://doi.org/ 10.2307/1087631.
Website:
http://www.nu.or.id/post/read/78697/keagungan-syekh-abdul-qodir-jailani-qs Diakses pada tanggal 04 Januari 2019.
https://www.nu.or.id/post/read/99692/syekh-ahmad-khatib-sambas-mempertemukan-dua-tarekat, Diakses pada tanggal 10 Juni 2020.
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=id&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=tarekat&btnG,= Diakses pada tanggal 11 Juni 2020
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
